一、TIANJIN INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES——TITLES OF PAPERS READ IN SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCES HELD AT HOME AND ABROAD（论文文献综述）
CHEN Baoguo,ZHANG Jiuchen,YANG Mengmeng[1]（2016）在《The Present Research and Prospect of Chinese Geosciences History》文中进行了进一步梳理It has been over a hundred years since the birth of research on Chinese geosciences history, which was accompanied by the continuous progress of Chinese geosciences. For hundreds of years, it has grown out of nothing to brilliant performance by several generations of Chinese geologists committing their hearts and minds with the spirit of exert and strive without stop to promote the process of China’s industrialization and to produce the significant impact on serving the society. The study of Chinese geosciences history reflects objectively and historically the history of geosciences in China, which has recorded, analyzed and evaluated the dynamic process sitting in the background and clue of the history of Chinese geosciences development. The study of the history of geological science has roughly experienced two stages in China. The first stage is the study of individual researchers. It spanned approximately 70 years from the early 20th century to the end of the 1970s. The research contents were mainly based on the evolution of geological organizations, the development and utilization of individual mineral species, the history of deposit discovery and the research of geological characters. The main representatives are Zhang Hongzhao, Ding Wenjiang, Weng Wenhao and Li Siguang, Ye Liangfu, Huang Jiqing, Yang Zhongjian, Xie Jiarong, Gao Zhenxi, Wang Bingzhang and etc. The most prominent feature of this period is the accumulation of a very valuable document for the study of the history of China’s geological history and lays a foundation for the exchange of geological science between China and foreign countries. The second stage is organized group study. It took around 60 years from the 1920s to 1980s. It includes the history of Chinese geology, the history of geological organizations, the history of geological disciplines, the history of geological education, the history of geological philosophy, the history of Chinese and foreign geological science communication, the history of geologists and etc. The most chief feature of this stage is the birth of academic research institute―the establishment of the Commission on the History of Geology of the Geological Society of China.
Chunchao Lv[2]（2016）在《Chronicle of Wu Zhengyi》文中研究指明1916-I was born in Jiujiang,Jiangxi province on June 12th of the lunar calendar.My first name"Zhengyi"was given by my grandfather,while I later styled myself"Bai Jian1"and used the pseudonym"Bai Jian2".With the ancestral home of the Wu family in She county,Anhui province,I lived in Yangzhou with a registered hometown in Yizheng,Jiangsu province.
刘韶华[3]（2018）在《哈萨克斯坦主流网络媒体涉华新闻评述呈现的中国形象研究》文中指出在互联网时代的今天,人们信息的来源绝大程度上依赖于网络媒体报道,读者的个人判断力很容易受到媒体报道的影响。因此,网络新闻媒体在国际传播中对一个国家形象的呈现和塑造至关重要。但是国际社会中的中国形象往往是外国媒体呈现和塑造的中国形象决定的。此外,随着中国经济、政治、军事实力的逐步增强,中国将向何处发展引起了世界,尤其是它的近邻哈萨克斯坦等中亚国家的广泛而密切的关注。因此,对哈萨克斯坦主流网络媒体呈现的中国形象的研究有其重要的理论意义和现实意义。本研究希望通过分析哈萨克斯坦主流网络媒体对中国形象的“他塑”报道,能够对中国形象有更清晰的认识以及为中国形象“自塑”提供一个新的研究视角。有关新闻话语呈现的国家形象研究因其特有的跨学科性引起了新闻传媒、历史文化与文学、公共关系学、国际政治、国际关系、语言学等多个领域和学科的广泛关注。本研究是对网络新闻评述话语呈现的中国形象研究,这是把语言系统本身与话语使用紧密结合起来的一个很好的跨学科语言学实证研究。一方面,国家形象的呈现、推广与维护离不开语言,而新闻话语是国家形象展示的重要载体和中介。新闻媒体对事件的报道并不是中立地对待不同的观点和立场,而是通过对报道事件的选择、叙述方式、评论等传达自己的立场和态度,影响受众对事件的看法。因此,对国家形象的语言学研究也就是对新闻媒体在呈现国家形象时所持态度的研究。20世纪90年代,Martin基于系统功能语言学的框架提出了评价理论,该理论关注说话人/作者用来表达特定的态度立场和与实际的或潜在的应答者协商这些立场的词汇语言资源。态度系统是评价理论的核心部分,集中体现出说话人/作者对于评价对象的态度倾向,包括说话人/作者的情感反应,对评价对象行为的评判和对事物的鉴赏,分别对应三个子系统:情感、判断、鉴赏。语言在该系统中是态度资源的实现手段,即通过显性或隐性的方式表现说话人/作者对评价对象的立场、观点和态度。另一方面,文化语用学认为话语建构过程是发生在建构者文化语境下的信息处理过程,其中的话语及话语单位的选择无不反映出建构者的文化取向。新闻话语呈现的国家形象也是如此。新闻话语是新闻建构者作为一个文化主体所产生的传讯行为。国家形象的建构和呈现会受到新闻建构者的文化主体意识形态的影响。新闻话语中的态度资源是新闻建构者呈现特定事件时进行文化处理的语言参照系统。因此,新闻话语对国家形象的呈现与建构都可以理解为文化语用实践或文化语用行为。就中国形象而言,哈萨克斯坦在其主流网络媒体新闻评述话语中呈现的“他塑”中国形象,不仅表明作为近邻的哈萨克斯坦对中国的文化态度和立场,而且传递出哈萨克斯坦自身的文化主体意识和其跨国文化语境。因此,基于文化语用学的文化语境理论,可以为中国形象在新闻话语中“自塑”研究提供新的研究思路,使中国形象研究更加全面。因此,本研究首先基于评价理论的态度系统来分析哈萨克斯坦主流网络媒体涉华新闻评述话语呈现的中国形象的态度倾向,以及其态度倾向的语言实现手段,然后从文化语用学的文化语境理论出发,通过分析哈萨克斯坦主流网络媒体新闻评述话语“他塑”中国形象所涉及到的文化语境,有针对性地对如何在中亚地区呈现良好中国形象,即“自塑”中国形象,提出语言学建议。本研究选取的语料来自哈萨克斯坦国内最大媒体之一,也是哈萨克斯坦重要的国家和世界性通讯社——哈萨克国际通讯社（哈通社）网络版。研究内容主要围绕以下三个问题展开:1)哈通社涉华新闻评述报道呈现了一个什么样的中国形象?它是积极的还是消极的?2)哈通社涉华新闻评述报道使用了哪些显性和隐形的态度资源来呈现中国形象?3)哈通社涉华新闻评述报道涉及的哈萨克斯坦文化语境对在中亚地区“自塑”良好中国形象的语言学启示是什么?本研究釆用定量和定性的结合。定性研究上,本研究基于Martin和White关于正面态度资源和负面态度资源,以及显性态度资源和隐性态度资源的讨论开展定性分析,对评价理论现有分析框架进行反思和整合,建立本研究的分析框架和参数,为下一步的定量研究提供分析模型。此外,本研究还基于定量研究的结果,对语料涉及到的哈萨克斯坦文化语境进行定性分析,并根据分析结果,对在语言学层面呈现良好中国形象进行定性分析。定量研究上,本研究对哈通社网络版进行搜集,寻找符合新闻评述要求的报道类型,语料时间跨度从2015年1月1日至2016年12月31日,共计收集210篇涉华新闻评述报道,自建小型专题语料库以供分析。所有的态度资源都借助定性研究建立的分析框架进行标注,同时利用AntConc 3.4.4对语料进行频率统计和项目检索。在数据基础上得出哈通社网络版涉华新闻评述报道中态度资源的分布规律和各子系统所表现的人际意义,并找出实现态度意义的语言手段的规律和功能。研究结果表明:1)哈通社对中国形象基本持正面态度,特别是在中国和哈萨克斯坦的外交关系领域,中国形象被建构成一个可信赖的、互惠互利的合作伙伴和友好的、乐于助人的邻居形象。然而,哈通社对中国形象仍然持有一定程度的负面态度,表现为对西方国家所渲染的“中国威胁论”有所回应。2)由于新闻评论的“客观性”,表示情感的态度资源出现最少,而表示判断和鉴赏的态度资源大量出现,证明哈通社的报道具有一定的客观性。此外,鉴赏类的正面态度资源和判断类的负面态度资源最多,说明哈通社更倾向肯定中国所做事情的社会意义,而从道德准则来否定中国人的行为。最后,哈通社倾向使用显性的态度词汇来表达对中国形象的态度,尤其是态度形容词来显示其对中国形象积极或消极的态度。隐性的态度资源全部都是表达对中国的负面态度,其语言手段更多是通过引发中的选择性列举事实来表明对中国形象的负面态度。3)基于哈萨克斯坦的文化语境分析,本研究认为在语言层面自塑良好中国形象需要从三个方面“讲好中国故事”:谁来讲,讲什么,和怎么讲,并结合以上研究结果,给出具体事例和建议。
贺少伟[4]（2021）在《西南科技大学校园网页新闻汉英翻译实践报告》文中进行了进一步梳理在我们国家优秀文化对外传播越来越广的基础上,高校官方的英文网站也顺应趋势,成为外界了解国内高校的重要窗口,在对外交流中起到了举足轻重的作用。而笔者认为西南科技大学校园新闻翻译,与其他院校类似,均存在拘泥于原文的问题,虽然将原文作者的意思表达了出来,但是对于目标读者来说信息冗杂,无法一目了然的知道核心内容,更有由于文化视域差别导致的理解偏差存在。本报告以笔者在西南科技大学外国语学院MTI中心的新闻翻译实践为基础,运用翻译模因论指导翻译实践,试图解决上述问题,并以此创作翻译实践报告。通过分析新闻文本的特点,笔者选用国内发展较快的翻译模因论作为理论指导,结合翻译项目中的具体案例,对源文本进行了详细的分析,得出源文本作为新闻所具有的时效性、宣传性以及和英语之间的不同,如时态语态等问题。此外,笔者引用源文本中的案例,围绕笔认为在校园新闻翻译过程中需要解决的三个方面的问题进行分析:一是当时态在目的语表述过程中发生转变时,如何通过模因论指导选择翻译方法;二是分析通过模因论如何选择翻译方法来使得译出语符合英语语言语法特点;第三是分析在此翻译过程中如何运用模因论选择翻译方法来清晰的表述源语言的文本信息。最后笔者提出了相应的翻译策略,即运用省译法、解释性翻译法和顺句翻译法来解决时态转变带来的翻译问题;运用分、合译法和倒译法在翻译过程中适应目标语言的语法特点;运用编译法在译文中更清晰合适的表达源语言想传达出的信息。通过分析以及相应的翻译方法的选择,笔者能够较为有效解决翻译过程中的难题,诸如译文需要符合英语读者的需要和译文的表达方式等问题,从而提高了汉英翻译的可读性和准确性。最后是笔者对整个翻译过程中所学所得,如需要进行充分的准备工作和译后校对,更要熟悉翻译理论并指导实践,以及出现的问题和不足之处的总结,以及对校园新闻翻译提出的要注意译员身份的中立以及翻译过程中对文化冲突的理解等建议,希望能够有所帮助。
魏静[5]（2017）在《中国应用技术大学科研创新研究》文中研究指明我国建设创新型国家和科技强国的战略赋予了高等教育参与国家创新以新的使命和意义。在中国高等教育体系内即将占有很大比例的应用技术大学也将在创新领域内发挥更加积极重要的作用。科研创新作为应用技术大学履行区域知识供给者使命的一个重要途径,其转型与变革是实现应用型发展的一项重要内容。本文尝试通过案例研究法甄别出与应用技术大学科研创新最为紧密的因素将其提炼成十二项主题,并通过对这些主题的分析与研究,客观呈现应用技术大学（学院）（下同）的特点与现状,并进一步阐明应用技术大学如何更好的履行其科研创新使命。本文通过案例研究方法,以国内四所应用技术大学作为研究案例,通过深入个案分析呈现出应用技术大学目前科研创新的现状,寻求出与应用技术大学科研创新密切相关的影响因素,发现了存在的问题与矛盾并最终尝试揭示形成这些矛盾的原因。同时通过跨案例对比分析,进一步探寻处于不同地域、不同发展阶段、不同层次以及不同背景的院校在科研创新方面的差异与共性,为提升应用技术大学科研创新能力、改善科研创新现状提出一些建议和参考。文章一共六章。第一章为简介,呈现了目前我国科技创新发展现状及建设创新型国家战略的大背景,分析高等教育在这一战略中充当的角色。同时,介绍了即将占有很大比例的应用技术大学在国家创新战略和高等教育科研创新改革中的重要角色,并藉此提出本文的研究问题,说明研究问题的紧迫性和意义所在。第二章为文献综述。在文献综述中详述了中国应用技术大学转型、改革和发展的大背景并从与应用技术大学科研创新相关的政策措施、研发经费、创新能力、科研创新评价以及科研创新挑战与困境几个方面入手详细描绘总结从文献中获取的相关资料。同时呈现了欧洲部分发达国家应用技术大学科研创新的概况。通过国内外应用技术大学科研创新相关文献的综述确定了研究路线和访谈具体问题。第三章介绍了本文的研究方法和案例及访谈者的选取标准。本文采用案例研究法,主要通过文献法和深入访谈法获取数据,以扎根理论方法作为数据分析工具,对案例进行单个深入分析和多个跨案例分析。第四章将提炼出的理论编码作为主题对四个案例的访谈情况进行深入分析。采用了大量的口述材料尽可能客观真实反映访谈中的发现。第五章是跨案例分析。通过对第四章中不同案例得出的理论编码进行合并与归类,最终提炼出十二个主题,分别是:地域差异、领导力、官僚主义、科研创新与教学、学术漂移、激励体系、关系、性别、职业瓶颈、学术公平、创新文化和创业型大学。将多个案例就这些主题进行比较和分析,找出差异和共性,同时分析这些差异与共性产生的原因,为第六章得出结论奠定基础。第六章是全文的结论,认为应用技术大学在科研创新动机、文化、理解和态度上,组织层面与教师个人层面存在较大偏差,其科技创新受地域、领导力、官僚主义、科研创新与教学、学术漂移、激励体系、关系、性别、职业瓶颈、学术公平、创新文化和创业型大学理念等十二个因素的影响。这些因素也塑造了应用技术大学科技创新的现状和独特特点。通过调查分析,本文发现应用技术大学科研创新存在着定位偏差,创新文化功利性强以及应用科研创新能力普遍偏差的现状,而这些现状也使应用技术大学科研创新出现了严重的学术漂移现象,与区域产业脱节,也与教学和人才培养脱节,背离了应用技术大学的办学定位与初衷。在政策建议中提出了应建立专属于应用技术大学的科研创新评价体系、奖励政策以及职称晋升体系。通过这些改变引导应用技术大学建立一套独特的适用于应用办学类型的发展体系,从而避免学术漂移和学术不公,更好的履行其科研创新使命。
王娟[6]（2019）在《西南科技大学网页新闻汉译英翻译实践报告》文中进行了进一步梳理随着中国高校对外合作交流与国际化发展的不断推进,国内高校英文网页建设显得尤为重要,成为国外了解国内高校动态最直接的途径。此次翻译实践是对西南科技大学网页中文新闻进行英译,旨在提供适合英文目标读者阅读的新闻文本。结合德国功能主义理论,本文首先梳理翻译目的,并根据客户要求设定翻译要旨,宏观上指导翻译实践。其次依托功能主义中诺德的文本分析模式,对原文的作者地位,非语言因素,文本功能,读者群体和传播途径等方面进行分析,确定翻译策略。最后,通过分析新闻体裁,采取编译和补偿增译的翻译方法。此外,通过对外籍职业记者进行访谈,对采用翻译方法进行补充和验证。接着随机选取英语为母语的国外大学生,对直译和编译后的两种译本进行问卷调查,并在实验结果后进行对比,验证新闻编译的可行性。此次翻译实践是一次新的尝试,希望对西南科技大学及国内各大高校后续新闻翻译提供一些参考和借鉴。
MEHRAN IDRIS KHAN[7]（2020）在《中巴环境法比较研究 ——执法与未来路径》文中提出该研究概述了国内环境法和国际环境法的含义,特别着重于比较中国和巴基斯坦的发展状况,环境条件,立法,政策含义或执行机制。该研究讨论了有关国际或区域法律文书以及区域或全球环境问题。该研究方法采用定性方法来比较两国的环境法律及其关键要素,以促进其实施并实现今世后代可持续性地利用环境。该研究指出该地区国际、跨界和区域环境法的制定和实施在国家或地区之间差异很大。这些差异是由于每个区域集团内不同的经济环境,政治历史,文化态度和殖民影响所致。其反映了法律和政策方法的碎片化,致使该区域的环境法律和政策制度仍然不完整,并且鉴于环境无边界以及共同的责任,需要明确共同的生态目标。相比之下,美国-加拿大-墨西哥、挪威和比利时等世界其他地区在环境事务上彼此之间具有法律合作,例如通过将环境问题纳入其贸易协定以保持区域环境清洁和可持续。中国巴基斯坦经济走廊（CPEC）之下的大型基础设施和工业发展很可能会对巴基斯坦的环境产生全面影响,并且也可能以与该地区先前烟雾问题相同的方式影响中国。两国有必要突然开展法律合作,共同应对这些环境挑战。在这种情况下,作为邻国,中国和巴基斯坦有诸如CPEC的大型联合开发项目,因此有必要将保护环境作为共同的责任,以实现共同的生态目标。该研究旨在找出两国环境法律和政策的相对优势。通过了解环境政策的形成或含义,分析以前实践中的经验教训,并分析或讨论包括环境问题、导致环境管理问题的因素以及理解实施更好解决方案的障碍。研究结果有助于了解两国环境立法的政治或法律结构,并有助于解决与环境法实施和执行有关的问题,例如实施不力。该研究以有关环境的司法、社会、立法、行政和教育措施作为结论,随后提出了在两国有效实施环境法律和政策的适当建议。该研究还得出结论,尽管政府部门被赋予了更多的裁量权对违反环境规则者采取法律行动,但两国执法机构之间的效率差距是不可忽略的。建议加强环境税网,并在税网中考虑二氧化碳排放量因素。该研究还建议建立环境非政府组织,建立专门的环境部门、法院和法庭,在两国大学中开展交流计划,转让技术,例如生产可再生和清洁能源的技术,并从以下领域汲取经验:成功的法律影响和法律移植,环境律师的双边交流,改善环境知识以提高对污染的认知,加强公众参与以及环境公益诉讼,制定统一的商业法规并将环境方面作为基本理解贸易协定并将其转换为“优惠”贸易协定,为CPEC等联合大型项目开发具有气候适应力的基础设施,提高国内、区域和国际环境法、协定和条约之间的一致性,为监测、规划或管理以及影响评估活动而制定环境或气候变化政策以应对共同面临的环境（国内和跨界）挑战。
黄丽[8]（2018）在《二战后澳大利亚能矿产业领域的环境管理研究》文中提出作为物质生产的主要投资之一,自然资源（主要指矿产和能源资源）被称为国民经济发展的重要物质基础。因此,其在国民经济增长中的作用不言而喻。澳大利亚矿产资源丰富,矿藏多样,是世界发达国家之一,其经济在过去几十年内取得了长足发展。能矿产业是其经济发展的重要支柱之一,占其GDP的6%以上。澳大利亚的独特之处在于,一方面,其能矿产业发展迅速,另一方面,其矿业取得了相对可持续发展,其壮观、美丽、独特的自然环境成为澳大利亚人的骄傲。澳大利亚东北部生长着最古老的开花植物,是世界上生物多样性最丰富的生态系统之一。然而相比之下,其他一些资源丰富的国家,却以牺牲良好的环境为代价实现经济发展,这为本文研究澳大利亚在发展资源产业的同时如何平衡环境管理提供了必要性。矿业在澳大利亚经济中扮演着重要角色,占其出口收入的三分之一以上。矿业是由国际市场驱动的周期性行业,矿物产品价格和生产成本仍然是其发展的关键因素。上世纪中叶以来,环境管理在衡量采矿项目的竞争力和可行性方面,作用日益彰显。本文对二战后澳大利亚能矿产业内的环境管理进行了研究,将其发展过程划分为几个阶段,分别呈现了各阶段的能矿产业发展特征以及该阶段相关环境管理政策和措施。具体来看,从早期勘探到20世纪中期,澳大利亚能矿产业取得了很大进展,其公众对矿业繁荣发展津津乐道。采矿业为其国家发展所需的基础设施、服务和商品提供了原材料。然而,澳大利亚能矿产业的早期采掘、开发,对当地环境造成了严重影响。这些环境影响源自矿业的勘探和采矿矿物加工活动,包括植被直接毁坏、从废物岩堆、尾矿储存设施和露天矿场排放的酸性矿井水、以及不良的矿物复原措施。遗憾的是,在这段漫长的发展阶段里,与矿业发展有关的环境问题通常被视而不见。从20世纪50年代到80年代,澳大利亚矿业逐步走进世界一流行列,相关现代环境运动也相继涌现。环境问题成为公众争议的焦点,使得政府需发挥更大作用来解决这些问题。20世纪70年代早期,州政府开始采取措施解决一些相关环境问题。其中,环境影响报告书的编写和提交是其措施的重要组成部分。环境影响报告书要求矿业公司在开展矿业活动前,对项目进行环境评估,获得批准后才可开展矿业活动。经过这些措施,采矿带来的一些不利环境影响得到了避免或处理。然而,一些环境审批程序过于复杂和耗时,且其中许多程序难以获批,因此新采矿项目的启动效率受到了很大影响。上个世纪90年代以来,澳大利亚的矿业发展及其相关环境保护逐渐走向国际化。澳大利亚矿业公司海外矿产勘探和矿业海外投资大幅增加,海外矿业公司的勘探支出占比也大幅增加。此外,过去10年间,除加拿大、美国和西欧等传统矿产品出口地外,澳大利亚矿业公司开始在亚太地区、非洲、南美和东欧等新兴市场拓展业务。同时在此阶段,澳大利亚采矿业在良好的环境管理方面取得了很大进展,并将可持续发展战略纳入环境和矿业立法。1992年的生态可持续发展国家战略及其相关执行报告,标志着澳大利亚将可持续发展概念发展为其国家目标和政策方向之一。数十年来,澳大利亚矿业发展先进环境管理的能力不断提升,加强社区参与和发展的措施不断创新。澳大利亚的可持续发展矿业在全球享有领先地位,与其他国家矿产企业相比,其矿产企业在勘探、工程、矿物加工、环境管理、矿山安全、研究和开发以及教育和培训等方面更具竞争力。本文通过对澳大利亚能矿产业发展史和相关环境管理的研究,发现两者发展轨迹几乎并驾齐驱并长期相互作用。当环境管理得到改善,矿业发展效率会大大提升,这是源于良好的环境管理可促进采矿技术的创新,并获得公众对该行业的支持。此外,矿业发展和环境管理的相互作用最终可发展为一种生态可持续的矿业发展模式。实现生态可持续的矿业发展,需建立一种管理的、经济的和自愿的合作机制,政府、矿业公司和社区团体共同发挥作用。政府制定法规,为环境管理提供法律规范和准则;矿业公司遵守采矿原则和法规,提高采矿技术,减轻矿业活动对环境的不利影响;社区和公众可对采矿项目评估的批准提供监督,促使矿业公司履行相关环境管理规范。
刘晓鹤[9]（2018）在《从主述位理论分析汉英翻译主语选择策略的实践报告》文中研究表明本报告基于自身所译的中科院热物理所年报的汉英翻译实践,从韩礼德功能语言学中主述位理论的视角,采用对比分析和案例分析的方法,对汉英翻译过程中主语的选择问题进行了分析。报告中翻译材料的文本属于科技类文本,该年报共包含10部分,合计29,945字,主要介绍了研究所在2012年全年所取得的一系列科研学术成果。年报在词汇表达、语法结构、行文风格等方面都有其独特的特点,为本翻译报告的研究与分析提供了很好的文本案例。翻译过程中主语转换问题至关重要。恰当的主语转换不仅可使译文忠实于原文,而且逻辑清晰、信息流畅,最终实现原文与译文在深层次上的等值。本文作者基于自身的翻译实践发现,韩礼德的主述位理论能够为译者在此方面提供有益的指导。具体表现在以下两个方面:首先,汉英翻译中主语的选择不仅要在形式上作为句子的起点,更要在内容上发挥着信息起点的作用;其次,对任何一个句子而言,主语的选择不仅影响着句子的内部组织架构,更统筹这语句间信息流的连贯与推进。本报告旨在通过对具体案例译文的对比分析,探讨主述位理论在汉英翻译实践中的具体应用。分析结果表明,中英翻译难以实现深层等值的原因之一在于译者常常把汉语句子中的话题、评述结构与英语中的主语、主谓结构等同起来,却未考虑各自的表达习惯及文章的语篇意义。为此,报告在遵从韩礼德主述位理论的指导下提出如下翻译策略:（1）若中文的话题评述结构与英文的主谓结构重合,译者可遵从原文主述结构,将中文的话题主语用作英文句子的主谓主语;（2）若中文的话题评述结构有别于英文的主谓结构,译者则需查明造成差异的原因,并在尊重目的语表达习惯的前提下根据原因采取相应的翻译策略。
王天赋[10]（2015）在《国外生态村“生态”景观营造》文中认为生态村是20世纪末期在西方国家产生和发展起来的人类可持续居住社区。作为一种新的生活模式,生态村经过三十余年的发展,已成为融合生态性、文化性和社会性于一体的整体生态社区。景观环境作为其重要组成,不应仅局限于单一功能主义、物质空间形态或生态系统理论来探讨,而是要将其纳入一个更为广阔的多维度复合化视野,充分发挥其协调自然、文化、社会生态系统相互作用的综合性影响。本文是国家自然科学基金“中国生态村落中零排放建筑的MSA方法研究——关于适用指南的综合策略”的子课题。首先,论文分别从生态学、景观生态学、“永续栽培设计”以及“复合系统”理论视角阐述生态村景观营造的理论基础,为生态村景观在自然、文化、社会生态系统相互作用的复合系统下的营造实践提供理论依据。进而通过资料查阅和分析,对国外生态村基本特征以及发展现状进行梳理。并以地理区位、功能内容、建造性质以及景观格局作为划分生态村类型的依据,对不同类型的生态村景观形态进行描述性研究,研究归纳其普遍性及典型性景观特征。由此得出生态村景观在自然、人文及社会三方面的属性。其次,结合生态村景观属性分析,论文以整体化和系统化观点,从生态村自然景观、生产性景观以及文化景观三个层面提出并解析生态村景观结构,以建立对生态村景观系统的整体认知体系。再次,论文在生态村景观构成研究基础之上,结合生态村典型案例,以多层次结构分析法建立生态村景观营造模型（实践策略体系）——分别从自然生态、人文生态和社会生态三个层面解构生态村景观环境。旨在运用景观设计策略促进并达成人与自然环境、文化环境、社会环境之间的互动与协调发展,从而实现生态村生态、文化和社会等多方面的可持续发展:于自然生态维度,通过资源利用、场地设计、水环境和绿地系统层面论述生态村低影响景观生态技术实践,建立自然、高效并具有一定自我维持能力的动态自然生态景观系统;于人文生态维度,以文化持续演进的理念,从“可意象”景观塑造和“需求-行为-建造”两个层面分析生态村人文生态建构的景观策略;于社会生态维度,研究生态村在制度层面、观念层面和设计层面改善社会生态关系的景观措施,以及其对于促进生态村社会生态和谐所发挥的积极作用。最后,论文总结生态村景观营造的复合化方法。针对当前生态危机及社区发展的需要,在中外生态村差异性比较研究基础上,探寻国外生态村理论及实践影响下的中国“生态村”成长机制:结合我国生态村镇（社区）现状及其问题,尝试提出我国在国际生态村运动和城乡一体化建设大背景下生态村镇（社区）整体适用策略以及景观营造的基本逻辑,以为我国生态村社建设发展提供有益借鉴。
二、TIANJIN INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES——TITLES OF PAPERS READ IN SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCES HELD AT HOME AND ABROAD（论文开题报告）
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三、TIANJIN INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES——TITLES OF PAPERS READ IN SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCES HELD AT HOME AND ABROAD（论文提纲范文）
（1）The Present Research and Prospect of Chinese Geosciences History（论文提纲范文）
| 1 The History and Present Situation of the Research on the History of International Geological Science |
| 1.1 The change of the content of the study |
| 1.2 Organizations and research institutes |
| 1.3 Publications and authors |
| 2 The Present Situation and Progress of the Study of the Chinese Geological Science History |
| 2.1 A brief account of the development of the Chinese geological science history |
| 2.2 Research institutes and research groups |
| 2.3 The guiding ideology of the research on the history of geological science |
| 2.4 Major progress in recent years |
| 2.4.1 Promote interaction between Chinese geological science and social development in China |
| 2.4.2 A study on the history of geological disciplines of China |
| 2.4.3 A study of geological characters |
| Kwong Yung Kong(1863-1965) |
| Woo Yang Tsang(1861-1939) |
| Gu Lang(1880-1939) |
| Lu Xun(1881-1936) |
| Wang Chongyou(1879-1985) |
| Zhang Hongzhao(1877-1951) |
| Ding Wenjiang(1887-1936) |
| Weng Wenhao(1889-1971) |
| Li Siguang(1889-1971) |
| R.Pumpelly(1837-1923) |
| Richthofen,Ferdinand von(1833-1905) |
| Amadeus Willian Grabau(1870-1946) |
| Johann Gunnay Andersson(1874-1960) |
| Prerre Teilhaya de Chardin(1881-1955) |
| 2.4.4 The study of history of ancient geological thoughts |
| 2.4.5 The study of the geological cause |
| 2.4.6 Research of the history of the communication of Chinese and foreign geological science |
| 3 Development Prospect |
| 4 Conclusion |
（3）哈萨克斯坦主流网络媒体涉华新闻评述呈现的中国形象研究（论文提纲范文）
| 摘要 |
| ABSTRACT |
| Chapter 1 Introduction |
| 1.1 Background of the present study |
| 1.2 Research questions |
| 1.3 Significance of the present study |
| 1.3.1 Theoretical significance |
| 1.3.2 Practical significance |
| 1.4 Layout of the thesis |
| Chapter 2 Literature Review |
| 2.1 Introduction |
| 2.2 Relevant concepts |
| 2.2.1 National image |
| 2.2.2 News discourse |
| 2.3 Previous studies on national image represented by news discourse abroad and at home |
| 2.3.1 Linguistics |
| 2.3.2 Journalism and media |
| 2.4 Summary |
| Chapter 3 Theoretical Base |
| 3.1 Introduction |
| 3.2 Appraisal theory |
| 3.2.1 Brief introduction to Appraisal theory |
| 3.2.2 Appraisal in Appraisal theory |
| 3.2.3 Attitude in Appraisal theory |
| 3.2.4 Explicit& implicit attitude in Appraisal theory |
| 3.3 Cultural pragmatics |
| 3.3.1 Brief Introduction to Cultural pragmatics |
| 3.3.2 Three levels of Cultural pragmatics |
| 3.4 Summary |
| Chapter 4 Research Methodology |
| 4.1 Introduction |
| 4.2 Data collection |
| 4.2.1 Sampling |
| 4.2.2 Methods for data collection |
| 4.3 Data analysis |
| 4.3.1 Establishment of analytic framework |
| 4.3.2 Data analysis |
| 4.4 Data Coding |
| 4.4.1 Coding of appraisal resources |
| 4.4.2 Procedures of coding data |
| 4.5 General description of the corpus |
| 4.6 Summary |
| Chapter 5 Results and Discussions |
| 5.1 Introduction |
| 5.2 Attitudinal tendency of China's images represented in KAZINFORM |
| 5.2.1 Overall attitudinal tendency of China's images represented in KAZINFORM |
| 5.2.2 Detailed attitudinal tendency of China's images represented in KAZINFORM |
| 5.2.3 Discussion |
| 5.3 Linguistic realizations of China's images represented in KAZINFORM |
| 5.3.1 Explicitly linguistic realization of China's images represented in KAZINFORM |
| 5.3.2 Implicit linguistic realization of China's images represented in KAZINFORM |
| 5.4 Summary |
| Chapter 6 Suggestions for representation of China's positive images in Central Asian countries |
| 6.1 Introduction |
| 6.2 Cultural context of Kazakhstan related to China's images in the mainstream network of Kazakhstan |
| 6.2.1 Positive images of China |
| 6.2.2 Negative images of China |
| 6.3 Suggestions for the representation of China's self-image in Kazakhstan |
| 6.3.1 Who to tell:strong Chinese media as a main narrator |
| 6.3.2 What to tell:real Chinese story as main contents |
| 6.3.3 How to tell:accurate and appropriate publicity translation as a main way |
| 6.4 Summary |
| Chapter 7 Conclusion |
| 7.1 Introduction |
| 7.2 Major results of the study |
| 7.3 Implications |
| 7.4 Limitations and suggestions for future research |
| Bibliography |
| Appendix 1 |
| Appendix 2 |
| Appendix 3 |
| 作者简历及在学期间所取得的科研成果 |
| Acknowledgements |
（4）西南科技大学校园网页新闻汉英翻译实践报告（论文提纲范文）
| Abstract |
| 摘要 |
| Chapter One Introduction |
| 1.1 Background of the Translation Project |
| 1.2 Analysis of the Source Text |
| 1.3 Structure of the Report |
| Chapter Two Translation Processes |
| 2.1 Pre-translation Preparation |
| 2.2 Translation Procedures |
| 2.3 Proofreading after Translation |
| Chapter Three Introduction to the Guiding Theory |
| 3.1 The Memetics Theory |
| 3.1.1 The Origin of the Memetics Theory |
| 3.1.2 The Development of the Memetics Theory |
| 3.2 The Guiding Role of Memetics Theory on Campus Web Page News Translation |
| 3.2.1 The Guiding Theory |
| 3.2.2 The Specific Process |
| Chapter Four Case Study |
| 4.1 Translation choices under tense changes in translation |
| 4.1.1 The Omission |
| 4.1.2 The Explanatory |
| 4.1.3 The Syntactic Linearity |
| 4.2 Translation choices under grammatical features in translation |
| 4.2.1 The Division |
| 4.2.2 The Integration |
| 4.2.3 The Syntactic Reverse |
| 4.3 Translation choices under cultural communication in translation |
| Chapter Five Quality Evaluation of Translations |
| 5.1 Self-evaluation |
| 5.2 Client-evaluation |
| 5.3 Commissioner-evaluation |
| Chapter Six Conclusion |
| 6.1 Conclusion to the translation process |
| 6.1.1 Experiences accumulated in task |
| 6.1.2 Deficiencies in the translation process |
| 6.2 Suggestions for translating campus news |
| Acknowledgement |
| Bibliography |
| Appendix A The Source Text and the Target Text |
| Appendix B Certificate of Translation Practice |
| Appendix C Glossary of terms |
| Appendix D Translation Aids Website |
（5）中国应用技术大学科研创新研究（论文提纲范文）
| 摘要 |
| ABSTRACT |
| Chapter1 Introduction |
| 1.1 Realistic Backgrounds |
| 1.1.1 The Creation of A Binary System-China's Efforts to Build Universities of Applied Sciences |
| 1.1.2 China‘s UAS:A New Innovation Actor |
| 1.1.3 The Innovation Mission of UAS in China |
| 1.1.4 Implications of Research and Innovation for Teaching in UAS |
| 1.1.5 China‘s Case:Serious Imbalance |
| 1.2 Theoretical Background |
| 1.2.1 Research Trends |
| 1.2.2 Limitations |
| 1.3 Research Purpose and Questions |
| 1.4 Research Significance |
| 1.5 Definition of Key Concepts |
| 1.5.1 Innovation and Research |
| 1.5.2 UAS in China |
| 1.6 Overview of the Methodology |
| 1.7 Organization of the Thesis |
| Chapter2 Literature Review |
| 2.1 Introduction |
| 2.2 Higher Education Institutions and Innovation |
| 2.3 Innovation Mission of Chinese Higher Education institutions |
| 2.4 Innovation in China‘s UAS |
| 2.4.1Research and Innovation Funds |
| 2.4.2 Policy and Measures |
| 2.4.3 Innovation Evaluation |
| 2.4.4 Innovative Capacity |
| 2.4.5 Scientific Research and Innovation in China‘s UAS：Challenges and Dilemmas |
| 2.5 Review of Scientific Research in UAS in Some European Countries |
| 2.5.1 Introduction |
| 2.5.2 Germany |
| 2.5.3 Belgium |
| 2.5.4 Finland |
| 2.5.5 Netherlands |
| 2.5.6 Norway |
| 2.5.7 Switzerland |
| 2.5.8 Experiences from European Countries |
| 2.6 Implication for Research Questions and Research Design |
| Chapter3 Methodology |
| 3.1 Introduction |
| 3.2 Research Methodology |
| 3.2.1 Rationale for Qualitative Research Design |
| 3.2.2 Rationale for a Case Study Methodology |
| 3.3 Case Study with Mixed Methods Data Collection |
| 3.3.1 Case selection |
| 3.3.2 Overview of the Research Design |
| 3.3.3 Data Collection Instruments |
| 3.3.4 Data Analysis |
| 3.3.5 Quality of the Findings |
| 3.4 Manner of Writing |
| 3.5 Summary |
| Chapter4 Case Analysis |
| 4.1 Introduction |
| 4.1.1 Grounded theory method |
| 4.2 Case1:QC UAS |
| 4.2.1 The College |
| 4.2.2 A Historical Sketch of Research and Innovation in QC |
| 4.2.3 Case Analysis for QC |
| 4.3 Case2:TD University |
| 4.3.1 The University |
| 4.3.2 A historical sketch of research and innovation in TD |
| 4.3.3 Coding Analysis for TD |
| 4.3.4 Conclusion |
| 4.4 Case3:HXY College |
| 4.4.1 HXY College |
| 4.4.2 A Historical Sketch of Research and Innovation at HXY |
| 4.4.3 Coding analysis for HXY |
| 4.4.4 Summary |
| 4.5 Case4 TZ University |
| 4.5.1 The University |
| 4.5.2 A Historical Sketch of R&I in TZ |
| 4.5.3 Coding Analysis for TZ |
| Chapter5 Cross-Case Analysis |
| 5.1 Introduction |
| 5.2 Current R&I Situation of UAS |
| 5.2.1 Regional Disparities——Talent-recruitment Perspective |
| 5.2.2 Leadership |
| 5.2.3 Bureaucracy |
| 5.2.4 R&I and Teaching |
| 5.2.5 Academic Drift |
| 5.2.6 Incentive System |
| 5.2.7 GuanXi |
| 5.2.8 Gender |
| 5.2.9 Professional Bottleneck |
| 5.2.10 Academic Equality |
| 5.2.11 Culture of Innovation |
| 5.2.12 The Entrepreneurial University |
| 5.3 Conclusion |
| Chapter6 Conclusion |
| 6.1 Introduction |
| 6.2 Summary of the Findings |
| 6.2.1 UAS Motivations for R&I |
| 6.2.2 Characteristics of R&I in UAS |
| 6.2.3 Factors that Influenced UAS‘R&I |
| 6.2.4 Comparisons between Cases in China and Europe |
| 6.3 Policy Recommendation |
| 6.4 Implications of the Study |
| 6.5 Limitations of the Study and Recommendations for Future Study |
| 6.6 Concluding Remarks |
| REFERENCES |
| PUBLICATION& RESEARCH |
| Appendix A:List of Abbreviations |
| Appendix B:Participant Information Statement |
| Appendix C:Participant Consent Form |
| Appendix D:Interview Questions |
| Appendix E:Profiles of the Interviewees |
| AKNOWLEDGEMENT |
| 致谢 |
（6）西南科技大学网页新闻汉译英翻译实践报告（论文提纲范文）
| abstract |
| 摘要 |
| Chapter One Introduction |
| 1.1 Source and Significance of the Translation Project |
| 1.2 Structure of the Report |
| Chapter Two Preparation for the Translation Project |
| 2.1 Translation Purpose |
| 2.2 Translation Brief |
| 2.3 Extra Linguistic Information |
| 2.4 ST Analysis |
| 2.4.1 Status of the Author |
| 2.4.2 Non-verbal Elements |
| 2.4.3 Text Function |
| 2.4.4 Target Readership |
| 2.4.5 Medium |
| Chapter Three Translation Process |
| 3.1 Translation Strategy |
| 3.2 Translation Norms and Conventions |
| 3.2.1 Genre Conventions |
| 3.2.2 Political Slogan |
| 3.2.3 Culture-Specific Terms |
| 3.3 Translation Methods |
| 3.3.1 Adaptation |
| 3.3.2 Compensation |
| Chapter Four Translation Project Evaluation |
| 4.1 Evaluation Standards |
| 4.2 Tripartite Evaluations |
| 4.2.1 Self-assessment |
| 4.2.2 Expert Assessment |
| 4.2.3 Customer Assessment |
| Chapter Five Conclusions |
| Acknowledgements |
| Bibliography |
| Appendix A Transcript of Interview |
| Appendix B Translation Version |
| Appendix C Reader Questionnaires |
| Appendix D Parallel Texts of the University of Leeds |
（7）中巴环境法比较研究 ——执法与未来路径（论文提纲范文）
| CHINESE ABSTRACT |
| ABSTRACT |
| CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION |
| 1.1. Background of the Study |
| 1.2. Why Compare Environmental Laws of Pakistan and China? |
| 1.3. Hypothesis |
| 1.4. Research Problem |
| 1.5. Research Question (s) |
| 1.6. Aims and Objectives of the Study |
| 1.7. Research Methodology |
| 1.8. The Significance and Scope of the Study |
| 1.9. Outline of the Thesis |
| CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW AND ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK |
| 2.1. The Environment Law and International Law |
| 2.2. Environmental Policies and Criteria for its Evaluation |
| 2.3. The Development of International and Regional Environmental Laws |
| 2.4. Enforcement Mechanisms of Environmental Laws |
| 2.4.1. Enforcement Mechanism and its Different Kinds |
| 2.4.2. The United Nations and Enforcement Mechanisms |
| 2.4.3. Environmental Law and Enforcement Mechanisms |
| 2.4.4. Environmental Mechanisms and Policies in Pakistan |
| 2.4.5. China's Environmental Policies and Mechanisms |
| 2.5. Legal Challenges in Enforcing Environmental Laws Across the Boarders |
| 2.5.1. Transboundary Environmental Harm and Cluster-litigation |
| 2.5.2. Access to Domestic and Human Rights Courts |
| 2.5.3. Forums of Inter-state Claims |
| 2.5.4. Non-Judicial Fora |
| 2.5.5. Limited Scope of the Applicable Law |
| 2.6. A Need for Regional Legal Cooperation in Environmental Issus |
| 2.6.1. A Reference from other Regional Cooperation in Environmental Matters |
| 2.6.2. International Trade, International Law, and Environmental Concerns |
| 2.6.3. Legal Grounds of Bilateral Cooperation Concerning TransboundaryEnvironmental Issues |
| 2.6.4. Establishing a Close Connection between Environmental Protection and Trade |
| 2.6.5. Building National, Regional and Global Environmental Networks |
| 2.7. Conclusion |
| CHAPTER 3 ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES AND CURRENT PRACTICES INPAKISTAN |
| 3.1. Introduction |
| 3.2. Key Environmental Challenges and their Impacts in Pakistan |
| 3.2.1. An Era of Environmental Unawareness |
| 3.2.2. Issues Concerning Water Resources and Pollution |
| 3.2.3. Energy Issues and Current Situation in Pakistan |
| 3.2.4. Pollution and Waste Management |
| 3.2.5. Biodiversity and Natural Resource Management |
| 3.2.6. Transboundary Environmental Issues |
| 3.2.7. Climate Change and Variability |
| 3.2.8. EIA and Challenges Faced by Legal Consultants in Pakistan |
| 3.2.9. Climate Change Effects on Key Sectors of Pakistan |
| 3.3. National Environmental Priorities for Action in Pakistan |
| 3.3.1. Past Environmental Records |
| 3.3.2. Environment-Related Information Needs |
| 3.3.3. Key Environment(al) (Performance) Indicators |
| 3.3.4. Capacity Building for the Environment |
| 3.3.5. Social Action Project on Environment; Environmental Awareness andEducation |
| 3.3.6. Billion Tree Tsunami Afforestation Project in Pakistan |
| 3.4. Environmental Policy, Legislative, and Institutional Frameworks in Pakistan |
| 3.4.1. Environmental Management Policies in Pakistan |
| 3.4.2. Establishment of Environmental Tribunals, Green Benches, and SustainableDevelopment Fund in Pakistan |
| 3.4.3. EIA in Pakistan |
| 3.4.4. Carbon Emissions Scheme in Pakistan |
| 3.5. Recommendations to Implement Environmental Policies More Efficiently |
| 3.5.1. Enhance and Facilitate the Environmental Education |
| 3.5.2. Provision of Basic Sanitation and Access to Clean Water for All |
| 3.5.3. Consider Energy Efficiency as Pivot of NEP |
| 3.5.4. Monitoring Urban Air Pollution |
| 3.5.5. Public-private Partnerships for Cleaner Production |
| 3.5.6. Emission Control and Trading Scheme |
| 3.5.7. Transboundary Environment Management |
| 3.6. Conclusion |
| CHAPTER 4 ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES AND CURRENT PRACTICES INCHINA |
| 4.1. Introduction |
| 4.2. Effects and Limitations of Environmental Challenges in China |
| 4.2.1. History of Environmental Pollution in China |
| 4.2.2. China's Environmental Health Challenges |
| 4.2.3. Impacts of Air Pollution in China |
| 4.2.4. Limitation of the Study of China's Environmental Regulatory System |
| 4.3. How Does China Treat Emissions? |
| 4.3.1. Emissions Targets |
| 4.3.2. Emission Trading Scheme in China |
| 4.3.3. The Chinese Certified Emission Reduction |
| 4.3.4. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification |
| 4.3.5. Environmental Impact Assessments in China |
| 4.3.6. Environmental Insurance |
| 4.4. Establishment of Environmental Courts and Ministries |
| 4.4.1. Establishment of Ministry of Environmental Protection |
| 4.4.2. Creation of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment |
| 4.4.3. Creation of Specialised Environmental Courts |
| 4.5. Measures Taken to Enforce Environmental Laws and Counter EnvironmentalChallenges |
| 4.5.1. Environmental Laws and Standards |
| 4.5.2. China's New Environmental Protection Law |
| 4.5.3. Environmental Regulatory Framework |
| 4.5.4. Environmental NGOs in China |
| 4.5.5. Environmental Police Force |
| 4.5.6. The Environmental Protection Tax Law |
| 4.6. Criticism and Recommendations |
| 4.6.1. No Tax on CO2 Emissions Included in the newly amended EPL |
| 4.6.2. No Punishment for the Government Personnel on Their Failure |
| 4.6.3. Key Failings of the SO_2 Emissions Trading Market |
| 4.6.4. How Can the New EPL Be Implemented Even Better? |
| 4.7. Conclusion |
| CHAPTER 5 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION,ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS AND CURRENT PRACTICES IN CHINA ANDPAKISTAN |
| 5.1. Introduction |
| 5.2. Environmental Legislation and Enforcement Mechanisms in China |
| 5.2.1. Environmental Management Rules in China |
| 5.2.2. Public Interest Litigation in China |
| 5.2.3. The Chinese Institutional Setup and Enforcement Mechanisms |
| 5.3. Environmental Legislation and Enforcement Mechanisms in Pakistan |
| 5.3.1. Existing Environmental Legislation |
| 5.3.2. Environmental related Institutions in Pakistan |
| 5.4. Transboundary Environmental Law in the Context of International Law |
| 5.4.1. Approaches to Customary International Law and Transboundary EnvironmentalHarms |
| 5.4.2. International Law and Pertinent Decisions of International Tribunals |
| 5.4.3. International Treaties and Protocols |
| 5.4.4. The Comparative Law Functions and its Relevance with InternationalEnvironmental Law |
| 5.4.5. From National to International--Topical Trends in Environmental Liabilityfrom Comparative and International Law Perspectives |
| 5.5. Comparative Discussion and Analysis |
| 5.5.1. Public Participation in Environmental Matters |
| 5.5.2. Environmental Impact Assessment System in China and Pakistan |
| 5.5.3. Carbon Emission Schemes in China |
| 5.5.4. Carbon Emissions Schemes in Pakistan |
| 5.5.5. Sustainable Development and the Role of ASEAN in the RegionalEnvironmental Law Perspective |
| 5.5.6. The Role of Judiciary in Environmental Matters in China and Pakistan |
| 5.5.7. Transboundary Environmental Issues and Pertinent (Regional) Legislation |
| 5.5.8. The Development of International and Regional Environmental Laws |
| 5.5.9. Increasing Consistency between Domestic Environmental Legislation andInternational Trade Law |
| 5.5.10. Legal Grounds of Bilateral Cooperation Concerning TransboundaryEnvironmental Issues |
| 5.5.11. Economic Concerns and Development of Environmental Laws |
| 5.5.12. Policy Transfer and Lesson Drawing--Legal Cooperation |
| 5.6. Conclusion |
| CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS |
| 6.1. Concluding Remarks |
| 6.2. Recommendations |
| BIBLIOGRAPHY |
| BOOKS |
| JOURNAL ARTICLES |
| OTHER RESOURCES |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENT |
| LIST OF ACADEMIC PAPERS PUBLISHED DURING THE COURSE OF A (PHD)DEGREE |
| 学位论文评阅及答辩情况表 |
（8）二战后澳大利亚能矿产业领域的环境管理研究（论文提纲范文）
| Abbreviations and Acronyms |
| 摘要 |
| Abstract |
| Chapter1 Introduction |
| 1.1 Background of the Study |
| 1.2 Introduction of Australian Energy and Mineral Resources Industry |
| 1.3 Research Methodology |
| 1.4 Literature Review |
| 1.5 Thesis Structure |
| Chapter2 The Setting:Early Mining and Its Adverse Impact on Environment |
| 2.1 The Development of Mining before World War Two |
| 2.2 The Conflicts between Early Mining and Environment in Australia |
| 2.3 Early Environment Movement-from Observation toConversation |
| Chapter3 Consolidation of the Industry and Its Pressurefrom Modern Environment Movement |
| 3.1 A World Class Industry and Emergence of EnvironmentalProtection Issues in the 1950s to 1970s |
| 3.2 Division of Governments’Powers in the Industry |
| 3.3 A Consolidated Industry and Environment’s Presence on National Political Agendain the1980s |
| Chapter4 Both the Industry and Environment Managementin an International Context |
| 4.1 The Internationalization of Australia’s Resources Industry inthe 1990s |
| 4.2 Environment Management in an International Context |
| 4.3 Environmental Management in Mining as a Partnership Approach amongGovernments |
| Chapter5 A Sustainable Resources Industry in the New Century |
| 5.1 Prosperity and Recession of the Industry |
| 5.2 Sustainable Development and Australia’s Resources Sector |
| 5.3 Case Study-A Sustainable Broken Hill |
| 5.4 Key Factors of Applying Sustainability to the Industry |
| Chapter6 Conclusion |
| 6.1 Major Findings |
| 6.2 Implications and Limitations of the Research |
| Bibliography |
| 个人简历及科研成果 |
| Acknowledgements |
（9）从主述位理论分析汉英翻译主语选择策略的实践报告（论文提纲范文）
| Acknowledgments |
| 摘要 |
| Abstract |
| Introduction |
| Ⅰ Description of translation materials |
| 1.1 Project description |
| 1.2 Characteristics of translation materials |
| Ⅱ Translation process |
| 2.1 Preparation stage |
| 2.2 Comprehension and reproduction stage |
| 2.3 Proofreading stage |
| Ⅲ The importance of theme selection& reasons for thematic differences between Chinese and English |
| 3.1 Theme-Rheme theory as a theoretical guide |
| 3.2 Reasons for thematic differences between Chinese and English |
| 3.2.1 Internal difference:Subject-prominent language V.S.Topic-prominent language |
| 3.2.2 Differences in habits of expression |
| 3.3 Subject theme and Topical theme |
| Ⅳ Case analysis on C-E translation strategies from the perspective of Theme-Rheme theory |
| 4.1 Strategy1:Following the original thematic structure |
| 4.2 Strategy2:Changing the original thematic structure by selecting a proper subject in English |
| 4.2.1 Situation1:for the internal difference in the thematic structure between Chinese and English |
| 4.2.2 Situation2:for the differences in the habits of expression between Chinese and English |
| Ⅴ Summary and translation experience sharing |
| 5.1 Summary of the translation strategies on C-E thematic selection |
| 5.2 Translation experience sharing |
| Works Cited |
| Appendix Ⅰ Translated text |
| Appendix Ⅱ Translation certificate |
（10）国外生态村“生态”景观营造（论文提纲范文）
| 摘要 |
| ABSTRACT |
| 第一章 Introduction |
| 1.1 The Background of the Subject |
| 1.1.1 The Need of Integrated Development of Urban and Rural Areas as well asCommunity Construction |
| 1.1.2 The Ecological Crisis and Cuntermeasure of Current Settlements |
| 1.1.3 The Developing Trend of Landscape Ecology and Community Integration |
| 1.1.4 The Developing Trend of Residential Areas in the Future |
| 1.2 Literature Review |
| 1.2.1 Overseas and Domestic Research Status |
| 1.2.1.1 Research on the overall system theory and development overview |
| 1.2.1.2 Research on the design concept and practice strategy |
| 1.2.1.3 Research on the attribute and evaluation |
| 1.2.1.4 Research on Chinese Eco-village |
| 1.2.1.5 The Network, Serials and Academic institutions of Eco-village Study |
| 1.2.2 The Lack of Research |
| 1.3 Research Method and Significance |
| 1.3.1 Research Method |
| 1.3.2 Research Significance |
| 1.4 Concept Definition and Analysis |
| 1.4.1 Bio-region and Eco-residential Area |
| 1.4.1.1 Bio-region |
| 1.4.1.2 Eco-residential area |
| 1.4.1.3 Eco-village |
| 1.4.2 Landscape and Sustainable Landscape |
| 1.4.2.1 Landscape |
| 1.4.2.2 Sustainable Landscape |
| 1.5 Research Frame |
| 第二章 The Theoretical Basis of Landscape Construction of Foreign Eco-village |
| 2.1 Ecology Theory: Ecological Interpretation of Eco-Village |
| 2.1.1 Ecosystem of Eco-village |
| 2.1.2 The Ecological Space and Eco-space Network |
| 2.1.3 Niche—the Node of Eco-space Network |
| 2.1.4 Boundary Effect—the Boundary of Eco-space Network |
| 2.2 Landscape Ecology |
| 2.2.1 Conception |
| 2.2.2 Correlation Principle |
| 2.3 “Permaculture Design” |
| 2.3.1 Generation and Development of Permaculture Concept |
| 2.3.2 Definitions, Principles and Applications |
| 2.3.3 Design Strategy of Permaculture |
| 2.4 Theory of“complex systems” |
| 2.4.1 Design theory of complex systems |
| 2.4.2 Theory of complex ecosystem |
| 2.4.3 Complex ecosystem of eco-villages |
| 2.5 Chapter Summary |
| 第三章 Research on Types and Landscape Characteristics of Foreign Eco-Village |
| 3.1 Basic Characteristics and Developing Status |
| 3.1.1 Basic Characteristics |
| 3.1.2 Developing Status |
| 3.2 Classification and Landscape Features of Eco-Village |
| 3.2.1 By Geographical Location |
| 3.2.1.1 Urban eco-village |
| 3.2.1.2 Suburban eco-village |
| 3.2.1.3 Rural eco-village |
| 3.2.1.4 Landscape Elements and Features |
| 3.2.2 By Function and Content |
| 3.2.2.1 Permaculture |
| 3.2.2.2 Democratic share |
| 3.2.2.3 Spiritual cohesion |
| 3.2.2.4 Landscape Elements and Features |
| 3.2.3 By Construction Properties |
| 3.2.3.1 New Construction |
| 3.2.3.2 Reconstruction and Expansion |
| 3.2.3.3 Landscape Rlements and Features |
| 3.2.4 By Landscape Pattern |
| 3.2.4.1 Core Ecological Landscape Pattern |
| 3.2.4.2 Axis Ecological Landscape Pattern |
| 3.2.4.3 Composite Ecological Landscape Pattern |
| 3.2.4.4 Landscape Elements and Features |
| 3.3 Landscape Properties of Eco-Village |
| 3.3.1 The Natural Properties |
| 3.3.2 The Cultural Properties |
| 3.3.3 The Social Properties |
| 3.4 Chapter Summary |
| 第四章 The Analysis of Landscape Composition of Eco-village |
| 4.1 Natural Landscape of Eco-village |
| 4.1.1 Concept and Connotation |
| 4.1.2 The Components of Natural Landscape of Eco-village |
| 4.1.2.1 Landscape Matrix—the Overall Environment of Eco-village |
| 4.1.2.2 Landscape Corridor—the Linear Space of Eco-village |
| 4.1.2.3 Landscape Patch—The Single Building and Space of Eco-village |
| 4.2 Cultural Landscape of Eco-village |
| 4.2.1 Concept and Protection of Cultural Landscape |
| 4.2.2 Types and Elements of the Cultural Landscape |
| 4.2.3 Cultural Landscape of Eco-village |
| 4.2.3.1 Territory Cultural Landscape |
| 4.2.3.2 Belief Cultural Landscape |
| 4.3 Productive Landscape of Eco-village |
| 4.3.1 Concept and Connotation |
| 4.3.2 The Components of Productive Landscape of Eco-village |
| 4.3.2.1 Forestry Landscape |
| 4.3.2.2 Agricultural Landscape |
| 4.4 Chapter Summary |
| 第五章 Natural Ecology: Appropriate Landscape Strategy of Eco-village |
| 5.1 Resource Utilization: Landscape and Resource |
| 5.1.1 The Energy Landscape |
| 5.1.1.1 The landscape construction of renewable energy |
| 5.1.1.2 Regional heating by energy |
| 5.1.2 The Waste Landscape: Material Recycling and Regeneration Design |
| 5.1.3 Regional Construction by Natural Organic Materials |
| 5.2 The Site Planning and Construction of Eco-village |
| 5.2.1 Protection of Ecological Value of Land |
| 5.2.2 Respect for the Land Ethic—Sustainable Site Design and Construction |
| 5.2.2.1 Adjust measures according to local conditions |
| 5.2.2.2 Moderate development of land resources |
| 5.2.2.3 Ecological restoration |
| 5.2.2.4 The micro-climate environment design |
| 5.3 “Blue-way”Landscape |
| 5.3.1 Natural Waterscape and Artificial Waterscape |
| 5.3.2 Pollution Control and Save |
| 5.3.2.1 Pollution control |
| 5.3.2.2 Save |
| 5.3.3 Rainwater Recycle and Reuse |
| 5.3.3.1 Rainwater collection |
| 5.3.3.2 Rainwater purification - rainwater infiltration and filtration |
| 5.4 “Green-way”Landscape |
| 5.4.1 The Comprehensive Benefits of Green Land System |
| 5.4.2 Strategies of Green Space Design |
| 5.4.2.1 The layout of green space |
| 5.4.2.2 Vegetation selection and matching |
| 5.4.2.3 Green space design |
| 5.5 Chapter Summary |
| 第六章 Humanistic Ecology: Construction of Humanistic Ecological Landscape Environment ofEco-village |
| 6.1 Residence Landscape under Evolution of Natural Ecology to Humanistic Ecology |
| 6.1.1 The Natural Ecology and Humanistic Ecology |
| 6.1.2 From“the First Nature”to“the Fourth Nature” |
| 6.1.3 The Residential Landscape Situation under the Evolution Concept from NaturalEcology to Humanistic Ecology |
| 6.2 Contents of Humanistic Ecology of Eco-village |
| 6.2.1 Culture and Context |
| 6.2.2 Humanism and Humanistic Care |
| 6.2.3 The Relationship of Humanistic Ecology |
| 6.3 Construction of Humanistic Ecological Landscape of Eco-village |
| 6.3.1 Construction of“Image Landscape” |
| 6.3.2 "Demand-Behavior-Build" |
| 6.3.2.1 Demand: Demands category of residents |
| 6.3.2.2 Behavior: The interaction between human and landscape environment |
| 6.3.2.3 Build: Level system construction |
| 6.4 Chapter Summary |
| 第七章 Social Ecology: the Lifestyle of Eco-village |
| 7.1 Community Size and Population Structure of Eco-village |
| 7.1.1 Community Size of Eco-village—Appropriate Regulation |
| 7.1.2 Population Structure of Eco-village—Heterogeneous Diversification |
| 7.2 Social Ecological Relationships of Eco-village |
| 7.2.1 Density Relationship |
| 7.2.2 Competitive Relationship |
| 7.2.3 Symbiosis |
| 7.2.4 Context Relationship |
| 7.3 Construction of Social Ecological Landscape of Eco-village |
| 7.3.1 The system level: establish and perfect the public participation mechanism |
| 7.3.1.1 Public participation in construction- self - organization construction |
| 7.3.1.2 Public participation in management – democracy and autonomy |
| 7.3.1.3 Public participation in production- Organic farming |
| 7.3.2 The concept level:“cooperation”and“sharing”lifestyle |
| 7.3.3 The design level: communicating space design |
| 7.3.3.1 The types and contents |
| 7.3.3.2 Principles and methods |
| 7.4 Chapter Summary |
| 第八章 Conclusion and Prospection |
| 8.1 The Innovative Pionts |
| 8.2 The Comprehensive Approach of Landscape Construction of Eco-village·NaturalApproach |
| 8.3 Difference Comparison between Chinese and Foreign Eco-village |
| 8.4 Seek for the Growth Mechanism of Chinese“Eco-village”under the influence of theoryand practice of Foreign Eco-village |
| 8.4.1 The Growth Mechanism of Foreign Eco-village |
| 8.4.2 Ecological Renaissance: exploration of the Growth Mechanism of Chinese“Eco-village” |
| 8.4.2.1 Status and problems of Chinese Eco-village ( community ) |
| 8.4.2.2 The Overall Applicable Strategies of "Eco-village " in China |
| 8.4.2.3 The Basic Logic of Landscape Construction of Chinese Eco-village |
| References |
| Published papers and participation in scientific research |
| Appendix 1 The Global Eco-village Network Registration Organizations（GEN） |
| GEN-Europe（231） |
| GEN-Africa（71） |
| GEN-OA (Asia and Oceania)（98） |
| GEN-Americas（231） |
| Appendix 2 The regulations model of Eco-village |
| Appendix 3 The visual and edible vegetation of eco-village |
| Thank |
四、TIANJIN INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES——TITLES OF PAPERS READ IN SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCES HELD AT HOME AND ABROAD（论文参考文献）
- [1]The Present Research and Prospect of Chinese Geosciences History[J]. CHEN Baoguo,ZHANG Jiuchen,YANG Mengmeng. Acta Geologica Sinica（English Edition）, 2016(04)
- [2]Chronicle of Wu Zhengyi[J]. Chunchao Lv. Plant Diversity, 2016(06)
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